Expanded Personal Liability (“Shadow Managers”) Article 18 has been amended so that personal liability now extends to both visible and non-visible de facto managers (“shadow managers”). It is no longer sufficient for a person to be formally registered as a director to be held accountable; anyone who effectively contributes to decision-making may be held liable. Electronic Meetings and Voting It is now permissible to hold board of directors and general assembly meetings through electronic means or remote communication, with regulations in place to ensure identity verification and full participation. Single-Owner Closed Joint Stock Company It is now possible to establish a Closed Joint Stock Company with a single owner, who will assume the powers of the general assembly.